What is Hemorrhagic cyst? 

When bleeding happens into the follicular or corpus luteum, a mass of tissue-like structures forms in the ovaries of a female human body. A hemorrhagic ovarian cyst is what happens when this happens.

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The formation of such cysts is widespread, and in most cases, they do not cause any detrimental symptoms.  Follicular cysts are the most frequent type of ovarian cyst, since they occur when fluid collects around a maturing egg. This fluid surrounds the eggs, and if there is too much of it, the egg will spread out like a balloon. The majority of these cysts, whether large or tiny, go away on their own after a month or two. During ovulation, a tissue called the corpus luteum generates too much fluid, resulting in cyst formation.

Hemorrhagic cysts may lead individuals to be concerned about cancer, however nearly all of these cysts are noncancerous. 

What Is This Condition?

• A variety of causes can cause ovarian cysts of various sorts. Although the word "ovarian cysts" may seem frightening, it is fairly frequent in menstrual women. During the menstrual cycle, most women acquire a cyst as a result of fluid-filled eggs in and around the ovaries.
• The majority of ovarian cysts are benign and are referred to as functioning cysts. Because most functioning cysts are asymptomatic, they go undetected for long periods of time. These cysts, on the other hand, can cause a lot of pain and can be harmful if they turn out to be malignant cysts.
• The majority of ovarian cysts are benign and are referred to as functioning cysts. Because most functioning cysts are asymptomatic, they go undetected for long periods of time. These cysts, on the other hand, can cause a lot of pain and can be harmful if they turn out to be malignant cysts.
• When a blood artery in the cyst wall bursts, blood flows into the cyst, resulting in hemorrhagic ovarian cysts. The majority of the cases are functioning cysts. They are most frequent during menstruation and are influenced by female hormone production.

Hemorrhagic Ovarian Cyst Symptoms

• Abdominal discomfort, especially on one side, is a symptom of the illness. The discomfort is commonly felt on the right side of the abdomen, although it can also occur on the left side in certain women. Along with the severe discomfort, the cyst begins to form blood clots.
• These clots tend to block blood flow, causing further discomfort and painful ovarian cysts. The hemorrhagic ovarian cysts burst in a very small percentage of instances. If they do burst, it causes excruciating agony.
• A rupture, on the other hand, does not necessarily necessitate surgery. In case of ovarian cyst bleeding, blood seeps into the abdominal cavity, increasing the agony. In the case of burst cysts, there is a considerable risk of infection.

Hemorrhagic Cysts: What Do They Look Like?

The appearance of these hemorrhagic cysts may be checked, especially when an ultrasound is conducted. Depending on the phases and creation era, the appearances may vary.

• If the fibrin material has strand-like structures, they can adopt the shape of a fishnet or form a delicate reticular pattern.
• Because blood clotting occurs in an inhomogeneous way, they may have a tracking clot look.
• The hemorrhagic cyst may emerge as a fluid of debris within the ovary due to sedimentation of material during the hemorrhagic phase.
• They may seem ruptured, particularly if blood is present along the pelvic area, and there is a possibility of ectopic pregnancy in this situation.
• Due to the presence of echogenic material during the clot formation stage, it may adopt the shape of a solid ovarian tumor.

Types of Ovarian cyst

Ovarian cysts are divided into two types:

Functional Cyst

These are the most frequent, and they occur as a result of cancer in just a few cases. They may include the following:

• A follicular cyst is a cyst that forms when mature follicles collapse or the ovulation process fails. They can, however, cause discomfort if they burst.
• A corpus luteum cyst develops when a follicle's entrance shuts, usually after ovulation, trapping some fluid inside.
• A hemorrhagic cyst is one that develops as a result of blood loss.

Non Functional cysts

The ovary has a number of nonfunctional cysts, which include:

• As a result of the endometriosis process, an endometrioma produces tissues that subsequently connect to the uterus.
• A cystadenoma is a fluid-filled sac that develops on the outside of the ovaries. It has the potential to expand and cause discomfort. Mucinous cystadenomas have thick mucus, whereas serous cystadenomas include thin fluid.
• Teratomas, also known as Dermoid cysts, are cysts that grow on the ovaries and include hair, tissues, and fat.
• Polycysts are cysts that arise when ovulation does not occur.

Risk Factors

• If you've had similar issues in the past and were or weren't treated for them. Cysts are more prone to recur, therefore if you have a history of cysts, you should undergo frequent cyst examinations.
• People who have irregular menstruation are more prone to develop ovarian cysts. This is a situation when your cycle may take longer or shorter than usual, and you may even skip a month or two. Menstrual flow may be quite heavy in both circumstances, with blood clots suggesting the presence of a cyst.
• Ovarian cysts can occur in persons who are having reproductive problems and, if not found early enough, can lead to the formation of cancer cells.
• If you have polycystic ovarian syndrome, which is caused by the failure of the ovulation process, you are at a significant risk of developing ovarian cysts, which can be life threatening.
• Due to the additional tissues and fat that can accumulate along the ovaries, obesity and overweight are two of the leading causes of ovarian cysts.
• Menstruation occurs at different times for different women; some begin at a young age, while others wait until later in life. Those who start at an early age are more likely to develop ovarian cysts.

Treatment

• Because the majority of these cysts are self-limiting, there is no specific therapy. Hemorrhagic ovarian cyst bleeding or bursting seldom happens and do not spread. This does not imply that you disregard them or disregard your doctor's advice.
• To avoid rupture and problems, keep an eye on hemorrhagic ovarian cyst symptoms. As previously stated, surgery is not required in the event of a rupture, however antibiotics may be required to avoid infection.
• Many women are recommended to have a less invasive treatment known as laparoscopy if these cysts need to be removed. With just two to three minor incisions, the surgeon can find and remove hemorrhagic cysts. If there are no difficulties, the recovery time following surgery will be only a few weeks.
• Aside from that, the patient may be prescribed pain relievers such as ibuprofen. You may also improve circulation and relieve stress in your abdomen area by using heating pads, hot water bottles, or ice packs. Women with a family history of ovarian cancer should take these cysts seriously and have them evaluated for malignancy signs on a regular basis.

These cysts are usually non-problematic and with a little bit of caution, you can probably overcome the condition easily.

REFERENCES

Hemorrhagic Cyst - Treatment, Symptoms, Types, Diagnosis, What is? (healthcop.org)

Hemorrhagic Cyst - Wellness Keen