Genetic mutation hastens the recurrence of breast cancer and reduces the survival rate
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Experimenters at Gangnam Severance Hospital have
verified that mutations in the womanish hormone-related gene (ESR1) accelerate
breast cancer rush, inhibit endocrine remedy, and affect the survival rate.
Estrogen, the womanish hormone, is one of the main factors
that beget breast cancer. Estrogen receptors are set up in 70 per cent of breast
cancers. The gene garbling the estrogen receptor is ESR1, and when this gene
mutates, it inhibits the endocrine remedy's effect and promotes breast cancer
progression.
When estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
metastasizes to other organs, ESR1 mutations are detected in 20- 30 per cent of
metastatic cancer napkins.
The team, led by Professors Jung- Joon, Ahn Sung- GUI,
and Bae Seung- Joon of the Department of Breast Surgery, tried to find the ESR1
mutation through a digital polymerase chain response (PCR) test grounded on the
thesis that the first breast cancer has an ESR1 mutation.
The experimenters collected paraffin blocks from
primary cancer samples from 121 cases with estrogen receptor-positive breast
cancer who had intermittent breast cancer after surgery from 1997 to 2015.
After assaying the DNA uprooted from the sample, the team linked five types of
ESR1 mutations-- E380Q, Y537C, Y537N, Y537S, and D538G.
As a result of further analysis, the team detected
ESR1 mutation in nine out of 121 cases (7.4 per cent).
The breast cancer rush-free period of cases with the
mutation was 23 months, faster than the relapse-free period of 49 months for
cases without the mutation.
The overall survival time was only 51 months in the
group of cases with the mutation, veritably low compared to 211 months in the
group without the mutation.
The team also verified that in the case of primary
endocrine remedy resistance, which means rushing within two times after
endocrine remedy, 75 per cent (six in eight) cases with ESR1 mutations belonged
to the primary remedy-resistant group compared to 24 per cent of cases without
the mutation.
“This study suggests that using the new medicine
incontinently after breast cancer surgery can help ameliorate treatment
issues,” Professor Ahn said. “The team will use the study results as important
clinical data in the unborn development of case-specific endocrine remedy.”
The exploration results were published in the “NPJ
Breast Cancer.”